How PropDetect works: the methodology behind every figure
Every number on a PropDetect report can be traced to its evidence: which sold properties support the valuation, which photographs drove each line of the refurbishment estimate, and which lettings support the rent. This page explains each method in the order a sceptic would ask, including what the software deliberately does not claim to do.
Two of the three core figures are now back-tested and published in full. The valuation method was tested against 126,264 real sold prices and the rent method against 23,519 real listings, both by leave-one-out validation, with the method, the sample size and the failure cases on the page. Refurbishment is not, because no public dataset of actual project costs exists to test against, and that page says so rather than quoting a number nobody could check.
What still has not been run is a back-test against ACHIEVED sale prices: whether a property we analyse today sells for what we said tomorrow. That needs the house number to join a listing to its later Land Registry record, and portals withhold it on 88% of for-sale listings, so our sample is currently four properties. When that becomes possible it will be published here too, whether or not it flatters us.
The measured results
Both figures come from leave-one-out validation: each property is predicted using only the evidence around it, never itself. Measured 6 September 2026. The query that produces them is kept so it can be re-run rather than taken on trust.
| Estimate | Tested against | Typical error | Bias |
|---|---|---|---|
| Valuation | 126,264 sold prices | 15.3%, or 12.2% where evidence is tight | 0.0% |
| Rent | 23,519 rental listings | 9.6% | 0.0% |
| Refurbishment | No public dataset exists | Not published | Not published |
The bias column is the one that matters most for sourcing. A method wrong in both directions is survivable across many deals because the errors offset. A method wrong in one direction is not: every deal looks better than it is. Our valuations previously ran +15.0% high, systematically, and our rent estimates were +26.7% high on one-beds and 39.9% low on four-bed-plus while showing a perfect 0.0% average. Both are fixed, and both are written up in full.
How the end value is calculated
PropDetect pulls up to 100 sold comparables around the property's postcode, built on HM Land Registry sold price data via PropertyData. Each comparable is scored on how well it matches the subject: same property type, similar bedroom count, distance, and floor area where known. Poor matches are excluded, and the report says how many were excluded and why, in plain English. A typical methodology line reads: "based on 22 recently sold properties near this 3-bedroom end-terrace house (829 sqft). 49 sales were excluded from the pool."
The concluded figure is a conservative trimmed median of the surviving comparables, cross-checked against the price per square foot those sales imply for the subject's floor area. Where the two disagree, the report shows both rather than hiding one. When the comparable pool is thin, the report widens its range and lowers its confidence instead of manufacturing precision, and it says so on the page.
The full comparable table is visible on every report: address, sold date, price, distance, floor area and whether each sale was used in the valuation.
How the refurbishment is costed
Room by room, from the listing photographs and floor plan. Each room is judged on what is actually visible: a clean, recently fitted kitchen is costed at zero, a dated but functional bathroom is costed as a refresh rather than a rip-out, and a wreck is costed as a wreck. Rates are regional, calibrated against real builder quotes, so a bathroom in Bolton does not price like a bathroom in Brighton.
Energy efficiency works are costed separately from condition works, so an EPC upgrade plan is visible on its own line. Overheads such as scaffolding, a damp survey or a full rewire are added only when the evidence in the photographs or the EPC suggests them. A 15 percent contingency is always carried. Every figure is editable, and edits recalculate everything downstream.
On accuracy: two customers have compared estimates against real builder quotes on the record. One estimate of 14,800 pounds came in against an actual quote of 14,500 pounds. Another customer, who prices deals with builders regularly, reports estimates within 500 to 1,000 pounds of actual quotes across their deals. Early evidence from two customers is not a measured error rate, and we make no wider claim until one exists.
How rent is estimated
From lettings comparables matched on bedroom count and property type near the subject. The report shows two figures side by side: the market rent today, which is the median of those matched comparables, and a post-refurbishment estimate, which sits at the 65th percentile of the same comparable set to reflect a renovated, well-presented property letting above typical stock. The premium between the two is stated as a percentage rather than hidden.
The rent confidence score is derived from the evidence: how many genuinely comparable lets existed, how tightly they agreed, how far away they were, and how many were let agreed rather than asking prices. Thin or scattered evidence produces a low score and the report says why in a sentence.
The offer price on deals that do not stack
When a deal fails at the asking price, PropDetect does not stop at no. It works backwards from the end value, the refurbishment cost, the finance costs and a target return to the highest price at which the deal would work, and states it: "This stacks at 107,500 pounds. That is 17,500 pounds below the 125,000 pounds asking price, a 14 percent reduction." A no with a number is a negotiating position rather than a dead end.
How confidence is derived
Confidence is shown per component, separately for the end value, the rent, the EPC match and the refurbishment, each with the count of evidence behind it. It is computed from the evidence rather than asserted: comparable counts, how closely the comparables agree, and distance all move it. A wide spread across few comparables produces a low score, and the report explains what drove it rather than presenting a bare percentage.
What PropDetect does not do
- It is not a RICS valuation and does not replace a survey or a lender valuation. A deal worth committing serious money to should be independently verified.
- It cannot see what the photographs do not show. A hidden damp problem, a defective roof photographed from the good side, or works behind closed doors are not in the estimate, which is one of the reasons a contingency is always carried.
- A sold price is one observation of value, not the truth. The comparable engine works from what nearby properties actually fetched, and thin markets genuinely are harder: the report lowers its confidence there rather than pretending otherwise.
- The published back-tests measure the METHOD against comparable sold prices and real listings, not the shipped output (the engine adds a trimmed median and a conservative cap on top), and not against achieved sale prices, which remains blocked at a sample of four. No refurbishment accuracy figure is published at all, because no ground truth dataset exists. Claims on this page are limited to what named evidence supports.
Frequently asked questions
How accurate is PropDetect?
PropDetect back-tested its valuation method against 126,264 real UK sold prices and its rent method against 23,519 real rental listings, both using leave-one-out validation where the property being predicted is never included in its own evidence pool. Half of valuation estimates fall within 15.3% of the true sold price, rising to 12.2% on the half of properties where comparable evidence is tight. Half of rent estimates fall within 9.6%. Median bias is 0.0% on both, meaning the method is as likely to under-estimate as over-estimate. Measured 6 September 2026.
How does PropDetect accuracy compare to Zillow and other valuation tools?
Zillow publishes a median error of 1.83% for homes on the market and 7.01% for homes off the market: the same model on the same homes, differing mainly in whether it can see the current listing price. That factor of nearly four shows why any quoted accuracy figure needs its method attached. PropDetect never sees an asking price at any point, so its 15.3% sits on the harder side of that line. PropDetect does not claim to beat Zillow, who work with a depth of public property data that does not exist in the UK. No UK automated valuation model publishes a verifiable accuracy figure with its method attached.
Why does PropDetect emphasise bias rather than accuracy?
For sourcing at volume, a method wrong in both directions is survivable because errors offset across many deals. A method wrong in one direction is not: every deal looks better than it is and errors compound. PropDetect previously concluded valuations at the 72nd percentile of the comparable set, which carried a +15.0% systematic bias, and moved to the median, which carries 0.0%. A rent fault was worse: the whole-pool method showed 0.0% overall bias while carrying +26.7% on one-bed properties and -39.9% on four-bed-plus, the two errors cancelling in the average.
How does PropDetect value a property?
PropDetect pulls up to 100 sold comparables around the postcode from HM Land Registry data via PropertyData, scores each on property type, bedroom count, distance and floor area, excludes poor matches and explains every exclusion in plain English, then cross-checks the result against price per square foot. The figure shown is a conservative trimmed median of the comparables that survived, and the full comparable table is visible on every report.
How does PropDetect estimate refurbishment costs?
Room by room, from the listing photos and floor plan. Each room is judged on what is visible and costed at regional labour and material rates, energy efficiency works are separated from condition works, overheads such as scaffolding or a rewire are added only when the evidence suggests them, and a 15 percent contingency is always carried. Every line is editable.
How accurate are the refurbishment estimates?
Two customers have compared estimates against real builder quotes on the record: one quote came in within 300 pounds of the estimate, and another customer reports estimates within 500 to 1,000 pounds across their deals. That is early evidence, not a measured error rate across the whole base, and we say so. A systematic accuracy study is planned and its results will be published whether they flatter the product or not.
How does PropDetect estimate rent?
From lettings comparables matched on bedroom count and property type near the property. The report shows two figures side by side: the market rent today, which is the median of those matched comparables, and a post-refurbishment estimate, which sits at the 65th percentile of the same set to reflect a renovated property letting above typical stock. The premium between them is stated, and the confidence score is derived from how many comparables existed, how tightly they agreed, and how close they were.
Is PropDetect a substitute for a RICS valuation?
No. PropDetect is analysis software, not a regulated valuation. It does not replace a survey, a RICS valuation or a lender valuation, and any deal worth committing serious money to should be independently verified. What it does is put the evidence in front of you in minutes instead of hours, with every figure editable and every source shown.
Published 4 September 2026. Maintained by PROPDETECT LTD. Claims on this page trace to the internal evidence register and are updated as new evidence arrives.